Apostle: An exclusive ecclesiastical role historically held by very few; literally "one sent," but for a particular purpose: to deliver a message. In the New Testament this refers to a special envoy or messenger of the gospel; a special messenger from God (Luke 11:49 Luke 11:49Therefore also said the wisdom of God, I will send them prophets and apostles, and some of them they shall slay and persecute:
American King James Version×; Revelation 18:20 Revelation 18:20Rejoice over her, you heaven, and you holy apostles and prophets; for God has avenged you on her.
American King James Version×); more specifically the original 12 (Peter, John, Andrew, etc.) plus Paul, Barnabas and a few others. Jesus Christ is called the Apostle (Hebrews 3:1 Hebrews 3:1Why, holy brothers, partakers of the heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, Christ Jesus;
American King James Version×).

Gospel: The good news of God's everlasting kingdom to be established on earth after Christ's return and how we may be a part of that kingdom. This message was central to the teaching of Jesus Christ and the apostles. The term is used about 100 times in the New Testament.

Knowledge: The broad range of information held by a person; an attribute of God (Romans 11:33 Romans 11:33O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! how unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out!
American King James Version×); what we need to know about God (Hosea 4:6 Hosea 4:6My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge: because you have rejected knowledge, I will also reject you, that you shall be no priest to me: seeing you have forgotten the law of your God, I will also forget your children.
American King James Version×).

Latter Prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel; called "latter" to distinguish these three and their respective books from the books of the "former" prophets: Samuel and Kings.

Major Prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel; called "major" to distinguish these three and their respective books from the 12 "minor" prophets. Major is used in the sense of longer books and minor in the sense of shorter.

Pentateuch: The Greek term for the first five books of the Bible, the five books of Moses (penta means "five"). This term came into use when the Hebrew Bible (or Old Testament) began to be translated into Greek about 300 B.C.

Recorder: An enumerator, secretary or archivist; the king's official secretary (2 Samuel 8:16 2 Samuel 8:16And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;
American King James Version×). In the ancient world a recorder was a member of a professional class of literate men who were trained for official service in royal administration.

Revelation: The disclosure of God's Word and plan to mankind. In the Bible this refers to making obscure things clear; bringing hidden matters to light; causing especially called individuals to see, hear, perceive, know and understand the things of God; the unveiling of biblical mysteries (Romans 16:25 Romans 16:25Now to him that is of power to establish you according to my gospel, and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery, which was kept secret since the world began,
American King James Version×).

Scribe: A copyist of official manuscripts (notably the Hebrew Bible); an archivist or keeper of records; a member of a professional class of secretaries who transcribed legal documents and who were experts in the study of the law (or Torah). Ezra was a skilled scribe (Ezra 7:6 Ezra 7:6This Ezra went up from Babylon; and he was a ready scribe in the law of Moses, which the LORD God of Israel had given: and the king granted him all his request, according to the hand of the LORD his God on him.
American King James Version×). Jesus commended the profession itself (Matthew 13:52 Matthew 13:52Then said he to them, Therefore every scribe which is instructed to the kingdom of heaven is like to a man that is an householder, which brings forth out of his treasure things new and old.
American King James Version×) but often took exception to the way the scribes used their office and influence, frequently misinterpreting the Scriptures.

Torah: A Hebrew expression that refers specifically to "the law," meaning the five books of Moses. In a much broader sense it means spiritual instruction or teaching.

Understanding: The quality of having insight or good judgment in general matters; an insightful power of abstract thought; the ability to logically follow through or trace a line of thought.

Wisdom: Having experience, knowledge and understanding together with the power of applying all three with prudence, practicality, discretion and common sense; the heart and center of proper moral and intellectual judgment; an attribute that God imparts to His people (Matthew 12:42 Matthew 12:42The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: for she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here.
American King James Version×) as they study His Word; personified in the book of Proverbs.