Titus 1:10 - 2:1 - Series on the Epistles of Paul (129)

Well, good evening, brethren. Titus was a young evangelist whom Paul had personally taught and trained, and one of the main themes of the pastoral epistles, there was to turn with the Antitus, is to defend sound doctrine. And so we see and we analyzed before that after Paul's first imprisonment in Rome, around about the year 61 or 62, he then did go sometimes during further or following in Troop, he did go to Crete, and he left Titus there to set things in order and to ordain elders where it was appropriate. It says in every city, but not in every little town, but where there were brethren that that needed to be taken care of. And so we see that in verse 5 says, for this reason, I left you in Crete, that you should set in order the things that are lacking and appoint elders in every city as I commanded you. So Paul gave Titus the authority to correct problems. It was a difficult area. They did have some serious problems there. And he was then also commanding or instructing Titus to establish elders or overseers. In other words, to maintain the stability and the order in the various congregations. In verse 6 then, he begins to enumerate the qualifications for elders. And towards the end of that section in verse 9, he says that an elder must teach as he has been taught. It is again emphasized that an elder must be able to teach a sound doctrine as he has been taught. And so the elder is not supposed to and should not and must not be teaching his own ideas nor his own philosophy. He has to pass on the doctrine, the teaching that was given to him. And it was not a heretical or new ideas or new truth and go off onto different corners and eras. Of course, we all need to learn and as we mature, we learn, we understand better, but we always confirm and conform to the faithful word, always conforming to true godliness. And so, as he says there, we are he was to exhort and convict those who contradict. We see that at the end of verse 9, both to exhort and convict those who contradict, those who oppose it. And so the shepherd has to drive away the wolves, those who seem to be engaged in doing actions which effectively are hurting the church. So when a man is left alone with a congregation, for instance, the ball would leave, the titers would leave, you would need to have to be confident that this person that would stay behind this elder would be faithful in teaching the doctrine, faithful in his way of living, and faithful in his example. And so, continuing where we stopped last time, we're now going on to verse 10. And it reads, For there are many insubordinate of idle talkers and deceivers, especially those of the circumcision. So, after verse 9, he described the characteristics of an elder and now he's emphasizing some of the things that some of the people in Crete were doing incorrectly. And the very first thing he says is, There are many in Crete that are insubordinate, both idle talkers and deceivers, especially those of the circumcision. So, these are people in subordinate that do not receive sound doctrine, and a little later, I want to spend a bit of time among doctrine and sound doctrine, and nor are they the people that come under proper discipline. That's why they say they're insubordinate. They disrespect authority. They look down on guidelines, on instructions, on policies and rules, and they want to do and say what their heart desires. They do what they want to do and say.

In 1 Peter chapter 2, verse 13 through 17, verse be there chapter 2, verse 13 through 17, Therefore, submit yourselves to every ordinance of men for the Lord's sake, whether to the king as supreme, or to governments as to those who are sent by him for the punishment of evildoers, and for the praise of those who do good. For this is the will of God, that by doing good you may put to silence the ignorance of foolish men, as free yet not using liberty as a cloak of vice, but as bondservants of God. And then he says, Honor all people, love the brotherhood, fear God, honor the king. So we are to submit to the ordinances of men, and these were people that were insubordinate to the authority in the church. They were insubordinate. And then continues here in Titus chapter 1 verse 10, he says, Both idle talkers and deceivers. Idle talkers are those that they have their own words which do not produce good fruit. You know, whereas they don't have sound good words. They don't lead people to be closer to God.

People that they just talk, talk, talk, talk about senseless things and things that are not godly.

Maybe they were people that were boasting about knowledge. They wanted their own rights, or maybe they wanted their particular privileges. And people that are just a lot of noise and empty words. And often those people that talk a lot, they do very little, are always. But it's, I say, they were idle talkers and deceivers. In other words, they misleading the mind, misdirecting people on the right principles of God, on the right doctrine. And this is especially those of the circumcision. In other words, they were a lot of Judasian teachers who maintained the necessity of circumcision and observing the so-called oral law, which they claimed to be Moses, the law of Moses. And so, for instance, the Josephus states there were many Jews, I beg your pardon, in Crete. And so, Paul is here saying, in Crete, there was a particular problem of people that were insubordinate, idle talkers, and deceivers. And the problem was so bad, yeah, in Crete, that he says their mouths must be stopped. He says, verse 11, whose mouths must be stopped, who subvert whole households, teaching things which they ought not to, for the sake of dishonest gain. So we have here, Paul's describing false teachers, and he's saying to Titus, you must unmask them at once, because they're subverting, they're undermining all families in the church to leave the church, to deviate from the faith. And then he says, teaching things they should not. And for what reason? He says, for the sonnet, the sonnet's gain. Typically, normally, that's money, but could also be power. And so, gain of power, of control. So, indeed, there's always people that will leave the church.

But Yah is talking about those that are insubordinate, and we have found in the past, people, for instance, saying, oh well, this is right, or I want this, or I want that. And they say, well, I'm going to start a great work. But they basically, what Paul is saying here, is they're interested in dishonest gain, or power. In 1 Timothy chapter 1, 1 Timothy chapter 1 verse 6 and 7, we see a similar statement about Timothy, when Paul wrote Timothy regarding the church in Ephesus. 1 Timothy chapter 1 verse 6 and 7, he's talking about these people from which some have strayed, have turned aside to idle talk. And so, it seems to be these people that start going the wrong way, they start talking wrong things, idle talk. And then he says, desiring to be teachers of the law, desiring to be teachers. So, it's like a type of gain. So, it might be financial, but it might be power or prestige, or whatever it may be. And so, Paul is emphasizing out to Timothy the same thing. And Peter, in 2 Peter chapter 2, is saying to be careful these people, and that we must withstand such people. 2 Peter chapter 2, 2 Peter chapter 2 verse 1 through 3. 2 verse 1 through 3. Now, there were also false prophets among the people, even as they will be false prophets among you, who will secretly bring in destructive erases, destructive erases, even denying the Lord who bought them, and bring on themselves swift destruction. So, there will be these false teachers, false erases that will come and will distract and hurt. And then he says, and many will follow their destructive ways, because of whom the way of truth will be blasphemed.

By covetousness, they will exploit you with deceptive words for a long time. Their punishment has not been idle, and their destruction does not slumber. So, God's people must withstand such people that come in with these destructive ideas. So, continuing now in verse 12. So, we go back to Titus chapter 1 verse 12. And this says, talking about the creations, that the U's mouth must be stopped. And this is one of them. It was one of the Christians, one one Christian himself, one of them, a prophet of their own. It was a Christian themselves, a native of Crete, which by the Christians themselves is seen as a prophet, a prophet of their own.

It says here, said, creations are always liars, evil beasts, and lazy glatters. So, we have a native of Crete. History and secular records say was a man called Epi-Menedis, that lived around about the year 600 before Christ. And he was deemed by the Greeks as the seventh wise man of, wise man of Greece. And he had died, and he was obviously died many years before.

And he was seen as a prophet. And the Christians paid him honors as a type of a god, as a divine honors after his death. And that seems to have been initiated by Plato. So, the Greeks themselves admitted that they were these type of people. In fact, there was a saying there entitled to cretinize, in other words, to act like a cretin, which meant to lie. So, even their own people said there was a typical attribute of that nation to cretinize, to lie.

Now, contrast that with Titus chapter 1 verse 2, because he is in the same episode. Paul is writing to Timothy, to Titus about Crete, and he says in verse 2, in the hope of eternal life, which God, who cannot lie. So, it's quite pertinent to bringing in this point that God cannot lie.

Of course, we know God cannot lie, but he's bringing it in this context, that this is a letter to cretians, which are known by themselves as liars, known by themselves as evil beasts and lazy gluttons, as one of their own men had said of them many centuries before. An interesting crete was a country without evil beasts. So, Ipameneidus' sarcasm was that its own human inhabitants of Crete supplied the place of wild beasts. They became the wild beasts. And then also it says, Yah is lazy gluttons. In the King James version, it says, slow bellies, you know, with lazy, useless stomachs. So, there were people that were not very great workers in that way.

And so, they were going around just eating and lying. Verse 13, he says, this testimony is true. So, Paul is saying this testimony of this man, Ipameneidus, which said that the cretians are always liars, evil beasts and lazy gluttons. Paul himself is saying this testimony is true. This is what they are. And so, he says, therefore, rebuke them sharply, that they may be sound in the faith.

Rebuke them sharply. Their problem, their melody, was striving about words, having these arguments about words, and a lot of the things that will come out of their mouths was not true. And so, as Paul is saying, that as a minister, there needs to be a couple of things that you titers have to do, you have to do to address them. Initially, obviously, it would be talked to those individuals, then warn them, and then if they refuse to repent, then they should be separate from the church.

In other words, you should remove, quote-unquote, the wolves from the sheep, from the church. Continue now in verse 14. Not giving heed to Jewish fables and commandments of men who turn from the truth. And so, Paul was here in verse 14, making reference to human standards, because it says, yeah, Jewish fables, which obviously are human standards, not God's commandments.

And so, it is recorded by many secular historians that there were many, many Jews in that area, and the Jews through oral law and other oral things have many so-called stories, which the veracity or the truth is debatable. And so, he says, not giving heed to these various Jewish fables and commandments of men. It's not talking about God's commandments. It's talking about commandments of men who turn people, who turn from the truth. So, this was prevalent in this island. Continuing now, Paul, writing in verse 15, to the pure, all things are pure, but to those who are defiled and unbelieving, nothing is pure, but even their mind and conscience are defiled.

And so, these people were not pure. Their mind and conscience was defiled. And so, that's a thing that we as ministers of God have to pray that God would give us a pure mind, that our mind would be pure. For instance, in Proverbs chapter 4 verse 23, Proverbs chapter 4 verse 23, Proverbs 4 verse 23.

I read, keep your heart with all diligence for out of it spring the issues of life. So, we are to make sure our hearts are in the right way with with the clean conscience, the way God wants it. And we need to be praying that God would help us to prevent our minds and our conscience to be defiled by things of this world. Quite often, things of this world happen, and we are so immersed in this society and different societies that we live in. And then, we get defiled.

That reminds me of having been just returned from Angola, how in different societies, there are things that are wrong in those societies, but the people in that on beyond, so that environment, sometimes don't see those things as being wrong.

For instance, I mean, I had some questions from some young adults when I had meetings and in a number of meetings and open questions, and the ministers came to be afterwards and said, well, some of those questions they have asked, we have answered them, but they kind of wanted to hear the answer from you. So, but one of the questions that sticks in my mind now at this moment as we're going through the subject is that some people were asking, is it okay to go to witch doctors to be healed? Because, you know, they do heal people and therefore, we as members in the church, if we have this problem or that problem, which is typical, seen as a witchcraft healers, then can we go to these witchcraft doctors to be healed? The point is to you and I, coming from a different society, you and I can immediately see that that is incorrect, but they, living in that environment, they can't see the the incorrectness in it, just blatantly. Likewise, we in our society have things that are incorrect, and if they were to come here, they would immediately strike to them and say, well, the things we have in this society, certain things that we have in the society, to them would be immediately self-evident that they were not clean. And so we have to be careful and we have to be praying and asking God, please give us a clear mind, a pure mind, about different things. For instance, one of the tendencies in wealthy and first-world nations is to become very secular and not have the same deep humility and respect for God's truth, which in other very poor, very, very basic societies, which they have very little, they would look at some of our wealth and way of life, which is so rich and blessed.

They would see a real problem with some of people in our society that don't show the gratitude, deep profound gratitude, for all that we have and we have received. And so what I'm referring to as a principle is that in every society, there are things that are wrong. And because we live in XYZ society, whether it is American society, whether it is the South African society, whether it is for instance a Brazilian society, there are different things wrong in that society. And the people that live in that society, even though brethren in the church in those societies and our society, may be affected by things that the society has trained us and it may be defiling or not clean before God's eyes. So we have to be careful and ask God to help us to have a pure mind and to be clean before Him. It crosses my mind now, many years ago when one of the ministers, when he would talk to us about going to the place of safety, he would refer to it as the place of final training. And he would say, you know, you'll go there and the Americans will be de-Americanized and the South Africans will be des-South Africanized and for instance Australians will be de-Australianized and then he would say the Scotch will be descotched. So you'd always use that in a little bit of a joke. But the point is we do have things in our society that have affected and do affect us and we have to ask God in humility to ask God to help us to give us a pure mind, to help us to be really pure like God wants us to be. And so yeah, in Proverbs 4 verse 23 says, keep your heart with all diligence for out of it spring the issues of life. And so we need to ask God, please help us to have our hearts right with you, right with you. And in humility and submission we need to ask that from God. We also read, for instance, in Romans chapter 1. And in Romans chapter 1 Paul is saying to the Romans that we all have sinned.

We all have sinned. And in chapter 1 he's basically talking about the Gentiles have sinned. And in chapter 2 is basically in general terms that the Jews have also sinned. But he are in chapter 1 in verse 18. Verse 18 he says, for the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men who suppress the truth in unrighteousness. Because they have not, because what they have known of God is manifesting them, for God has shown it to them. And so there is this unrighteousness in society. And then a little later in verse 28 he says, and even as they do not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a debased mind. And so it is very easy for us to be moved or to a defiled mind. And so we have to be careful that our minds, because of the society we live in, is not defiled. And so going back to Yah in Titus verse 15, Titus verse 15, he's saying, to the pure all things are pure, but to those who are defiled and unbelieving nothing is pure, but even their mind and conscience are defiled. And so we have to understand that, and Paul is telling Titus, make sure these people are sinning, that they are aware, that therefore he says rebuke them sharply. But looking at it at a more specific detail in our self-evaluation, we need to look at ourselves and say, do I have certain things that are defiling? Do I have certain things in my mind that are incorrect? And are we praying for God to purify our minds? Then going on on verse 16, they profess to know God, but in works they deny Him, being abominable, disobedient, and disqualified for every good work. In works, they deny God. In verse 16, they profess to know God, but in works they deny God. That is, you find people that have very religious sounding words, very, you go to certain things, and very religious sounding words.

They can talk about God, they can talk that we are Christians or that they are Christians, but are they denying God? In works, he says, yeah, in verse 15, they profess to know God, but in works they deny Him. For instance, think of what Christ said in Matthew 7 verse 21. Matthew 7, let's go there, Matthew 7 verse 21.

When we see that what Christ was giving the sermon on the Mount, He says, yeah, in verse 21, not everyone who says to me, Lord, Lord, shall enter the kingdom, the kingdom of heaven, but He who does the will of my Father in heaven. So it's not just a question of speaking, speaking the words or talk about God, but it actually is works, because it says, many will say to me in that day, Lord, Lord, have we not prophesied in Your name? Lord, Lord, have we not cast out demons in Your name? Lord, Lord, have we not done many wonders in Your name? And then I, Christ, will declare to them, I never knew you. I never knew you.

Depart from me, you who practice lawlessness. Imagine people that are saying, it's good to know God, praise His name, hallelujah, and have all these usages of God's name, and as Christ says, yeah, they say, Lord, Lord, and Christ says to them, depart from me, depart from me, you who practice lawlessness. And so we gotta be doing good works. We gotta be doing good works. In 1 John chapter 2 verse 4, 1 John chapter 2 verse 4, 1 John chapter 2 verse 4, 2 John chapter 2 verse 4, says, He who says, I know him, and does not keep his commandments. He's a liar, and the truth is not in him. If we are not obeying God, and that's why Christ said, depart from me, you who practice lawlessness. If we are not keeping his commandments, and we say, we know God, oh, it's good to know the Lord, praise his name, and all that stuff, we're using all these words that deny Christ in works. And so if we do that, says the truth is not in him, the truth is not in us, we are liars. And also, going back to Titus, where we are covering, but in the third chapter of Titus, verse 8, he says, yeah, but this is a faithful saying, and these things I want you to affirm constantly, that those who have believed in God should be careful to maintain good works. These things are good and profitable to man.

And so Paul is here in this last section of the first chapter of Titus, emphasizing what some of these insubordinate people whose mouths must be stopped, and they are liars, and even their own people say that they are liars, they are evil beasts, they are lazy gluttons.

And he says they are giving heed to Jewish fables and commandments of man, and they profess to know God, but that is all fake, because they're not producing good works. And so now Paul moves into a section here in chapter 2, when he writes to Titus about what good works are. So Titus is now going to provide, from chapter 2 all the way through to chapter 3 verse 8, he is going to provide a pastoral instruction of how a minister should care for the members, and in this example, obviously, in Crete. And so from chapter 2 verse 1 till verse 10, he is basically describing sound Christian conduct for various groups within the congregation. We can see first in verse 2 to all the men, in verse 3 to all the women, in verse 4 what young women need to know, in verse 6 likewise young men, and in verse 7 how we need to be careful with ourselves. So Paul is here describing how we as ministers and pastors need to take care of the members, and part of that is how we need to be to be able to take care of the members effectively. So let's now read verse 1 of chapter 2. It says, but as for you, speak to things which are proper for sound doctrine, but as for you, this expression as for you occurs five times in apostolic pictures, in Pessan's abeopah, or apostolic letters. In the first time is in 1st Timothy chapter 6 verse 11. So let's look at it. 1st Timothy chapter 6 verse 11, but you, O man of God, flee those things and pursue righteousness, godliness, faith, love, patience, gentleness, or meekness. And so after describing wrong things, like people do, he says, but as for you, O man of God. So yeah, in 1st Timothy chapter 6, he's giving us a standard of conduct that we should have. Then in 2nd Timothy chapter 3 verse 10, 2nd Timothy chapter 3 verse 10, he says, but you have carefully followed my doctrine. So it's for you. He's actually, as for you, he's giving this instruction again to us. Then in verse 14 of the same chapter, 2nd Timothy chapter 3 verse 14, but you must continue in the things which you've learned and been assured of, knowing from whom you have learned them. So it is us for you, but you. So it's an instruction to us. Then again in 2nd Timothy chapter 4 verse 5, 2nd Timothy chapter 4 verse 5, it says, but you be watchful in all things. And so we have this instruction as we see in Titus chapter 2 verse 1, as for you, but you, it's instruction for us. And then so it basically says us, it's the instruction of the conduct, of the behavior, that we need to have as opposed to those of false teachers. And so we need to consider these instructions here as to us. The Bible is written to us. I mean, the specific letters were not specific written to us individually, but the principles are applicable to all of us. And so God's preserved it for us, for our benefit. And so he has an instruction for our benefit. And so we need to consider this as addressing all of us. And so he says here, teach the things which are proper for sound doctrine. We must teach doctrine, sound doctrine, correct doctrine, that promotes spiritual health. Sound, healthy doctrine.

In other words, a spiritual well-being environment. In other words, a minister that does a good job should have a congregation that is content and well-fed, spiritually speaking, that he feels that there is instruction and sound feeding to that congregation, spiritually speaking. It's like an example, physical example, if a doctor is helping different people, the people should be feeling better if he's doing a good job. Now, obviously, there are certain things that are beyond what maybe medicine can do. And sometimes we don't know, and doctors themselves don't know how to help certain people. But overall, if the the man or the people going to be healed or treated, they're not being effectively treated, then the question is how effective is the medicine? And so likewise, the ministry, the end result, the effect of the ministry, is that there is a spiritual change in the lives of people. And so we as ministers need to be teaching sound doctrine so that people are growing. And so what is sound doctrine? Because this is a very important subject. And so I want to briefly mention a little bit about what is sound doctrine so that it's very clear what the Bible is talking about. In first place, 1st Timothy chapter 5 verse 17. 1st Timothy chapter 5 verse 17. Let's read that.

It says, let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in the word and doctrine. And so we need to be committed. We as God's people, we need to be committed to learn from these elders because they are giving of their time and effort. They are laboring in the word and the doctrine. And so we need to be committed to learn from them. In 2nd Timothy chapter 3 verse 16. 2nd Timothy chapter 3 verse 16 says, all scripture is given by inspiration of God and profitable for doctrine, for reproof. And so we need to also be committed to this learning process. So we have a point here that the right doctrine must be taught and we must learn from it. So that is very important. Now in Isaiah 28, Isaiah 28 verse 11 through 13. Isaiah 28. Isaiah 28 verse 11 through 13.

For with stammering lips and another tongue, you'll speak to those people. To whom he said, this is the rest with which you may cause the weary to rest. And this is refreshing, yet they were not here. But the word of the Lord was to them precept upon precept, precept upon precept, line upon line, line upon line, yah little diddle little, today might go and fall backward and be broken and sneered and caught. And so yah we have a point where doctrine has been a factor of division rather than unity. Because even though people say, well, we are teaching from the Bible and our beliefs come from the Bible and yah we can say they're going in the world of God has been to them, precept upon precept, precept upon free, line upon line, line upon line, yah, that they may fall and go backward. So as a factor of division. And so we have different groups and different people. Why? Because of doctrine.

Because that is one of the problems. And sometimes there might be other problems. I'm not saying that is the only cause. But doctrine for nieces is the very reason why the United Church of God exists. Because we have stood up for the doctrine and we're standing up for doctrine. So doctrine is very important. So what is doctrine? Doctrine is basically the teachings of Jesus, which are the foundation of doctrine for the early church. And it's the foundation of doctrine for us.

Christ, you know, he taught the gospel of the kingdom of God. We Christ taught brethren, we can see throughout the epistles or rather the gospels, Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, how he was taught. And so that's the responsibility that Christ has given to us. So in the Old Testament, doctrine was the word doctrine was translated from a word like instruction, legach. Sorry for my word, it's spelling. Hebrew wording is not correct, but legach. We can see that word of instruction in Deuteronomy 32 verse 2, in Job 11 verse 4, in Proverbs 4 verse 2. So that is one of the words for doctrine. And another word for doctrine as in Isaiah 42 verse 4 is Torah, the law. So instruction of the law in Old Testament is of is at times translated as doctrine. In the New Testament, doctrine is often translated from either the word didachah teaching, that which is taught. We see that in Matthew 7, 28. In Matthew 16, 12. I'm not going through all these scriptural verses, but please welcome to make a note of them and then review them in your own Bible study. Also, Matthew 22, 33, Mark 1, 22, 2 John 1 verse 9 and 10, Revelation 2, 14 and 15, just to mention a few. So that is teaching, that which is taught, didachah, that is a doctrine. On the other side, there's a slightly different word, Greek word called didaskalia, which is also translated as doctrinal teaching. And we can see that in Ephesians 4, 14. In 1st Timothy 1, 10. 4, 6. 4, 16. 6, 1. And 2nd Timothy 4, 2. As well as YAH, in Titus 2 verse 1, didaskalia. This is the word that is used in Titus. So, he is saying YAH, that in Titus 2 verse 1, says, for you, speak the things which are proper for sound doctrine. And so, what is sound doctrine? It's a doctrine like it's described in 1st Timothy 5, chapter 1, I'll be a part of 1st Timothy chapter 1, verse 5 through 11, and particularly in verse 10, when it says it's sound doctrine. Let's just look at 1st Timothy chapter 1, starting in verse 5.

1st Timothy chapter 1, starting in verse 5, it says, chapter 1, starting in verse 5, it says, now the purpose of the commandment is love from a pure heart, from a good conscience, and from sincere faith. So, the purpose of this instruction, that he was charging Timothy, Paul was charging Timothy, the purpose of this instruction is love from a pure heart and a good conscience, and from sincere faith, from which some have strayed, have turned aside to idle talk, desiring to be teachers of the law, understanding neither what they say nor the things which they affirm, but we know that the law is good if one uses it lawfully. They were not using the law lawfully. They were using some of the own traditions in the idle talk to twist it. Knowing this, that law is not made for a righteous person, but for the lawless and insubordinate, for the ungodly and for sinners, for the unholy and profane, for murderers of fathers and murderers of mothers, for menslayers, for fornicators, for sonomites, for kidnappers, for liars, for pejoras, and if there's any other thing which is contrary to sound doctrine.

In other words, contrary to the correct teaching. And so our beliefs, our sound doctrine, should make us, should have an outcome of us living better. It's not a dark cloud hanging over us, but it is a blessing. And so a true Christian needs to uphold the truth. Now, we as Christians are not perfect, but we have a standard, and we are willing to give in, to dedicate our lives to Christians. We as true Christians, we need to dedicate our lives to give of ourselves for that standard of true sound doctrine. We must not compromise with that standard. So in summary, what is sound doctrine? Sound doctrine is the accurate teaching of Jesus Christ without corruption. And so Paul, yeah, in Titus, in the section that we have covered today, he is instructing Titus to be careful with these people in Crete that are using idle words, that are leading people astray. And he says, but for us, for us, that's what he says here in Titus, chapter 2, verse 1. For us as ministers, we must make sure that we are teaching sound doctrine. Sound doctrine. And so now he then goes on from verse 2 of chapter 2, explaining what the doctrines are that produce the conduct that Paul is describing that bears good works. And that's what we'll cover next week.